Singalila National Park

Singalila National Park was established in 1986 as a wildlife sanctuary before being upgraded to national park status in 1992. The park is named after the Singalila Ridge, which marks the border between West Bengal and Nepal. The ridge is a noteworthy geological feature with stunning views of the Eastern Himalayas.

The park is part of the broader Singalila Ridge, which extends from northeastern India to Nepal. Historically, the region served as an important trading route between India and Nepal, and the park area is filled with tiny villages and communities that reflect the region's cultural diversity.

Singalila National Park is located on the Singalila Ridge, a high-altitude mountainous region that creates a natural border between Nepal and India. The park's terrain features steep slopes, deep valleys, and dense forests. The park's altitude ranges from 2,134 to 3,636 meters, making it one of the highest protected places in West Bengal. The park's terrain is characterised by alpine meadows, rhododendron forests, and temperate broadleaf forests. During the spring, the park is alive with the vivid colours of blossoming rhododendrons, magnolias, and orchids.

Biodiversity of Singalila National Park includes:

Flora

Singalila National Park's varying altitude and weather circumstances support a diverse range of plant species. The park is especially well-known for its rhododendron forests, which are home to over 20 different kinds of the plant. Other notable plant species include magnolias, primulas, and orchids. The park also contains a number of medicinal plants and herbs used by local people. The park's lower portions are covered in dense oak, bamboo, and pine woods, while the upper levels have alpine meadows and tundra vegetation.

Fauna

Singalila National Park is a wildlife enthusiast's paradise, with a vast diversity of animal species. The park is home to several significant species, including:

Red Panda: The red panda (Ailurus fulgens) is the park's most well-known and endangered resident. Singalila National Park is one of the few spots in India where you can see this elusive and reclusive species in its natural habitat.

Himalayan Black Bear: This species, also known as the Asiatic black bear, lives in the park's deep forests.

Leopard: Leopards are reported to roam the park, though sightings are uncommon.

Himalayan Serow: The Himalayan Serow is a goat-antelope species that lives in the park's rough environment.

Yellow-throated Marten: This carnivorous mammal is recognised for its agility and predatory instincts.

Clouded Leopard: Although elusive, this species is thought to live in the park's deep woodlands.

Barking deer and wild boar are abundant herbivores in the park's lower elevations.

Avifauna

Singalila National Park is a birdwatcher's paradise, with over 120 bird species documented there. Some of the notable bird species are: Satyr Tragopan, Blood Pheasant, Himalayan Monal, Fire-tailed Myzornis, Rufous-vented Tit,Scarlet Minivet,Gold-breasted Fulvetta,Red-headed bullfinch

The park's varied avifauna draws birdwatchers from all over the world, making it an important location for ornithology.

Singalila National Park is most known for its hiking trails, specifically the Sandakphu and Phalut treks. These hikes provide breathtaking views of the Himalayan peaks, which include Mount Everest, Kanchenjunga, Lhotse, and Makalu. The trekking season normally lasts from March to May and September to November.

The best seasons to visit Singalila National Park are spring (March-May) and fall (September-November). During these months, the weather is nice and the skies are clear, providing the best views of the Himalayas. Rhododendrons are in full bloom in spring, providing beautiful colours to the environment

Singalila National Park is a treasure trove of natural beauty, wildlife, and cultural heritage. From the spectacular views of the Himalayan peaks to the lovely woodlands and diverse fauna, the park provides an amazing experience for nature enthusiasts, hikers, and birdwatchers. Singalila National Park, a key home for the endangered red panda and a popular trekking destination, continues to fascinate visitors with its unique charm and significance in the Eastern Himalayas.